Device for a clamping and loosening the exhaust manifold on internal combustion engines

ABSTRACT

Mounting device for maintaining in proper position and possibly loosening or detaching the exhaust manifolds during removal of the sealing gaskets of the manifolds and/or the cylinder heads of internal combustion engines, comprising at least one supporting bracket for example at least approximately in the shape of a corner plate mounted upon the engine casing or cylinder block outside of but near the cylinder head and removably carrying the inlet end and in particular the fastening flange connecting said manifold to the cylinder head to hold it against motion and preferably spreading means associated with said supporting bracket for detaching or separating said flange from said cylinder head.

United States Patent "[191 Kuhn [54] DEVICE FOR A CLAMPING AND LOOSENING THE EXHAUST MANIFOLD ON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES [75] I nyentor: Karl Walter Kuhn, Saint Germainen-Laye, France [73] Assignee: Societe D. Etudes De Machines Thermiques Saint-Denis, France [22] Filed: March 24, 1971 [21] Appl. No.: 127,705

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data March 25, 1970 France ..70l0784 [52] US. Cl. ..'....60/272, 60/323, 123/52 MC [51] Int. Cl. ..F0ln 7/18 [58] Field of Search ..60/272, 323; l23/52 MC [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,418,741 4/1947 Williams ..60/272 1 Jan. 23, 1973 Leach ..60/323 Kolbe ..60/323 [57] ABSTRACT Mounting device for maintaining in proper position and possibly loosening or detaching the exhaust manifolds during removal of the sealing gaskets of the manifolds and/or the cylinder heads of internal combustion engines, comprising at least one supporting bracket for example at least approximately in the shape of a corner plate mounted upon the engine casing or cylinder block outside of but near the cylinder head and removably carrying the inlet end and in particular the fastening flange connecting said manifold to the cylinder head to hold it against motion and preferably spreading means associated with said supporting bracket for detaching or separating said flange from said cylinder head.

20 Claims, 16 Drawing Figures PATENTEDmzs ms 3,712,064

SHEET 3 {1F 5 DEVICE FOR A CLAMPING AND LOOSENING 'IIIE EXHAUST MANIFOLD ON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES The present invention relates generally to a mounting and clamping or retaining device forming a tool or like implement to keep in proper position and possibly to loosen the exhaust manifolds during disassembling or removal and refitting the packings or like sealing gaskets of manifolds and/or cylinder heads on internal combustion engines or the like and permanently provided thereon as well as the various applications and uses resulting from embodiments thereof and the systems, arrangements, assemblies, apparatus, machines, equipments and installations provided with such devices. 1

It is known that in big internal combustion engines in particular of the Diesel type and comprising in particular two rows of V-shaped cylinders, the exhaust manifolds or outlet pipes for the burnt gases are normally accommodated inside of the V arrangement within the space available between both longitudinal rows of cylinders and held in position only by flanges fastened by means of screws onto the cylinder head or heads of the engine in extension of the exhaust branch pipes or ducts thereof. Such a system offers several drawbacks: when one or several cylinder heads are to be dismantled the adjacent flanged manifold ends do not remain in place but tend to fall down to the bottom of the space left between both rows of V-shaped eylinders and to shift or to deform themselves in vertical, longitudinal and transverse directions, respectively, under the action of their own weight, of the residual resilient expansions of the expansion joints (for instance of the corrugated bellows) or of thermal strains due to the relatively high temperatures of the manifolds in use. This causes difficulties when dismantling or disassembling the cylinder heads and especially on refitting same which requires forced deformations of the exhaust manifold to enable the cylinder head to resume its proper position on each cylinder and to allow the positioning or locating of the fastening screws for the manifold flange and of the sealing gasket on the cylinder head. Moreover, difficulties are often experienced on loosening or detaching the exhaust manifold from the cylinder head to which it often adheres strongly after a long working period of the engine. These inconveniences thus result in an excessive increase of the dismantling and refitting times in particular in the case of engines with a great number of cylinders.

Accordingly one main object of the invention is to remove the aforesaid drawbacks by providing an auxiliary device or auxiliary tool or implement permanently mounted on the engine for supporting and holding in position the exhaust manifolds in their proper position of assembling connection with the cylinder head after their separation therefrom. For this purpose, the device according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least one supporting bracket for instance at least approximately in the I shape of an angle plate mounted on the engine casing against motion as well as preferably spreading means associated with said supporting bracket for detaching or separating said flange from said cylinder head.

According to a further characterizing feature of the invention, said supporting bracket is positioned substantially below the flange of the exhaust manifold and comprises at least one bearing portion carrying said flange, said bearing portion being preferably integrally connected with the substantially vertical leg of said supporting bracket and engaging a complementary or mating recess of said flange which is thereby slidingly mounted on said bearing portion so as to be relatively movable in a direction substantially at right angles to the surface of application of said flange and to said cylinder head. The co-operating surfaces of said supporting bracket and of the flange are desirably machined and shaped so that the flange is maintained both vertically and sidewise or in transverse direction so that when refitting the cylinder head no adjustment or control will be required to assemble the exhaust manifold to the cylinder head.

According to a further characterizing feature of the invention, said spreader means consist of at least one pull-off member or like draw element at least temporarily secured to the flange of said manifold and cooperating at least through reaction with the said supporting bracket either directly or through the medium,

of an associated tractive member connected to said supporting bracket. This arrangement offers the advantage to enable the loosening of the manifold flange from the cylinder head by a very simple operation of the mechanism provided for this purpose directly on said device.

It is desirable that the device be mounted on a portion of the engine remaining in place and for this purpose according to a further characterizing feature of the invention said supporting bracket or its fastening clevis is mounted on the top of the cooling water circulation jacket or enclosure surrounding the cylinder and through the supporting bracket preferably extends in sealing relationship an air escape or venting and water .by-pass branch duct providing communication between the top point of the cooling space within said water jacket and the cylinder head. This venting or air escape duct is for example provided in a tubular portion of the supporting bracket or clevis projecting from both opposite sides for engaging or fitting into corresponding recesses, respectively, of the water jacket and the cylinder head ending channels inside thereof. Such an arrangement is advantageous in particular in the case of tilted engines.

The device according to the invention is therefore advantageous by its structural simplicity hence its economical manufacture, its facility of handling and its Y fast, efficient and reliable operation.

The invention will be better understood and further objects, characterizing features, details and advantages thereof will become apparent more clearly as the following explanatory description proceeds with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings given by way of examples only illustrating various embodiments of the invention and wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a fragmentary outer view of an engine at a cylinder thereof, provided with a device according to a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a similar partial view drawn to a larger scale and showing said device according to the encircled detail II of FIG. 1 with parts broken away;

FIG. 3 is a front view partially in section taken upon the line III-III of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a corresponding fragmentary top view showing the device in plan view while assuming that the cylinder head and exhaust manifold have been omitted;

FIG. is a view similar to FIG. 2 but showing the device with an alternative embodiment of the loosening system;

FIG. 6 is a view in cross-section taken upon the line Vl-VI of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a corresponding top view partially broken away with the cylinder head and exhaust manifold removed;

FIG. 8 is a partial view in section drawn to a larger scale, taken upon the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 2 or 5 showing a further modification of the loosening system;

FIG. is a view in section taken upon the line X-X of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a corresponding top view partially broken away with the cylinder head and exhaust manifold removed;

FIG. 12 is a fragmentary front view partially in section taken upon the line XII-XII of FIG. 13 of a another form of embodiment of the device according to the invention;

FIG. 13 is a fragmentary side view of the preceding device partially broken away along the line of section XIII-XIII of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a section taken upon the line XIV-XIV of FIG. 12 with the cylinder head removed;

FIG. is a fragmentary view drawn to a larger scale in section taken upon the line XVXV of FIG. and partially broken away; and

FIG. 16 is a partial view in cross-section taken upon the line XVIXVI of FIG. 15.

Referring to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 of the drawings, the reference numeral 1 generally denotes the engine on which may be seen in particular in FIG. 1 the upper portion of the engine casing 2 with a cylinder liner, sleeve or barrel 3 surrounded by its water jacket 4 from which it projects upwards and on which is applied the cylinder head 5 to which is connected sidewise the exhaust manifold 6 through the medium of a connecting branch pipe 7 provided with an assembling flange or the like 8 secured to the cylinder head 5 by fastening screws 9 with the interposition of a suitable sealing joint, gasket or packing. The device according to the invention generally designated by the reference numeral 10 comprises a supporting bracket 11 in the shape of an angular plate secured to the water jacket 4 for example by two spaced screws 12 extending through the horizontal leg 13 of said angular plate. This supporting bracket is positioned so that its vertical leg 14 is at least partially located below the flange 8 of the exhaust manifold.'A substantially flat and horizontal bearing surface 15 forming a shoulder, ridge, ledge or like rabetting groove or fillister is formed in the inner portion of the vertical leg 14 of the supporting bracket the horizontal apparent contour of which is desirably substantially rectangular (see FIGS. 2 and 4). This bearing surface 15 is adapted to back the flange 8 of the exhaust manifold by being set with a sliding fit into a complementary or mating recess 16 in the shape of a' rectangular cut-out part of the lower edge of the flange 8 (see FIG. 3) the width of this cut-out part 16 corresponding substantially to that of the supporting bracket 10 that is to the length of the bearing surface 15. The flange 8 is thus prevented from moving downwards or shifting sidewise; it may only carry out some relative motion in the direction towards or away from the cylinder head 5 with respect to which the flange is thereby kept in a position suited to the assembling and disassembling operation.

To detach the flange 8 from the cylinder head 5, there is provided at least one pull-off means consisting of a threaded draw element such as a rod or the like screw-threaded into a corresponding tapped hole of the flange 8 and extending freely through a smooth hole 17 of the vertical leg 14 of the supporting bracket in the upper portion of this leg extending beyond the bearing surface 15. This rod is adapted to sustain a tractive force applied to its free end projecting from the other side of the vertical leg 14. In the example shown on FIGS. 1 through 4, said pull-off means consists of a rotary screw 18 the head of which bears against the outer surface of the supporting bracket 11 and is easily accessible for having them rotated by means of a suitable tool, spanner or wrench. The upper portion 19 of the leg 14 through which the screw 18 extends is thus thinner than the lower portion where is formed the bearing surface 15 which is desirably defined by a shoulder 20 adapted to keep the flange 8 spaced from the inner wall of this upper portion 19 of the leg 14.

Assuming that initially the flange 8 is assembled to the cylinder head 5 if it is desired to remove the cylinder head or the sealing gasket between the cylinder head and the flange (with a view to replace same), at first the fastening screws 9 of the flange should be removed then the screw 18 should be rotated in the tightening or screw-threading direction so that the flange 8 is pulled towards the right on FIG. 2 while moving away from the cylinder head 5 by a distance sufficient to provide a gap between the cylinder head and the flange larger than the thickness of said sealing gasket. Said sealing gasket or cylinder head may then be easily detached.

As shown in particular in FIGS. 14 and 16, through the horizontal leg 13 of the angle bracket 11 extends an air escape duct 20 for venting the cooling space 21 defined between the water jacket 4 and the cylinder liner 3. To this end the leg 13 of the supporting bracket comprises a hollow or tubular bilaterally projecting portion 22 fitting with its opposite ends into corresponding spotface-shaped or countersunk recesses 23, 24 formed in the upper bearing face of the water jacket 4 and in the lower face of the cylinder head 5, respectively. Into the spotface or countersunk portion 23 opens a duct 25 provided in the water jacket 4 and communicating with the inner space 21 thereof. Likewise a duct 26 connects the spotface or countersunk portion 24 to the inner space 27 of the cylinder head while extending through the lower bottom wall thereof. The sealing relationship between the supporting bracket 11 and the water jacket 4 is provided by a ring-shaped sealing gasket 28 mounted in a suitable annular groove of the lower face of the leg 13 and in pressure contact with the upper face of the water jacket 4. The sealing relationship between the supporting bracket 11 and thecylinder head 5 is provided by a ring-shaped packing 29 surrounding the upper part of the tubular portion 22 while being pressed against the lower face of the cylinder head 5 by a bearing ring or the like 30 surrounding said tubular portion and by means of a pressure coil spring 31 also surrounding the tubular portion 22 while bearing on the one hand against the ring 30 and on the other hand against the bottom of an annular groove 32 coaxially surrounding the tubular portion 22 and formed in the upper face of the leg 13. As apossible additional safety means, a tubular sleeve or socket 33 coaxially extends with clearance through the bore of the tubular portion 22 of the supporting bracket to fit with its opposite ends into corresponding counter-bores 34, 35 provided in the water jacket 4 and in the cylinder head 5, respectively, and communicating with the channels 25, 26 respectively. Fluid-tight contact means are provided on the ends of the tubular sleeve 33 and desirably consist of sealing rings 36 mounted in suitable outer coaxial annular grooves of said sleeve.

As shown in particular in FIGS. 2, 4, l4 and 16, the upper portion of the cylinder liner 3 which projects from the water jacket 4 desirably comprises at least one spigot, feather or radial finger forming a locking pin or stop pin 37 adapted to set the relative angular position of the liner 3 and engaging a corresponding vertical guide slot or groove 38 of the supporting bracket.

FIGS. 5 to 8 show an alternative embodiment of the loosening system for the flange of the manifold. In this modification, the pull-off member or draw means for the flange consists of a kind of eye-bolt 39 consisting of a threaded shank or body 40 screw-threaded into a corresponding tapped hole of the flange 8 and the free end of which projecting outwards from the vertical leg 14 of the supporting bracket 11 is shaped into a cog or the like 41 having the shape of a vertical flattenedsmall plate for example.

Through this cog extends a smooth aperture which is engaged with clearance by the pulling member mounted on the supporting bracket 11. In the present example this pulling member consists of an eccentric crank-pin or the like 43engaging the aperture of the cog 41 which has the shape of a substantially vertically elongated opening 44. This crank-pin 43preferably forms a free projecting eccentric end portion of a substantially horizontal rotary shaft 45 perpendicular to the. axis of the pull means 39 which shaft is rotatably mounted in 'a bearing integrally connected with the leg 14 of the supporting bracket and consisting for example of a hollow bushinghavingan open end towards the pull means 39 through which the corresponding end of the shaft 45 extends outwards. The opposite end upwards to enable the easy insertion of the pull-off means. This slot is engaged by the cog 41 to prevent its rotation. In FIGS. 5 and 7 the crank-pin 43 is shown in the left-hand horizontal end position wherein the pulloff means 39 is completely pushed back to the left. In this position the flange 8 engages the cylinder head 5. To loosen or lift off the flange, it suffices to rotate the shaft 45 through 180 in the clockwise direction so that the crank-pin 43 assumes the horizontal right-hand end position in FIGS. 5 and 7 thereby resulting in shifting the pull-off means 39 hence the flange 8 which is integral therewith towards the right.

Both horizontal diametrally opposite end positions of the crank-pin 43 may be desirably fixed by a releasable self-acting locking system for example of the kind forming a spring-loaded catch or like stud shown in FIG. 8 and comprising a pin, a ball or the like 48 mounted in radially sliding relationship in a transverse recess 49 formed in the wall of the bushing 46 which communicates with the bore 50 thereof so that the locking member 48 may engage the shaft 45. To this end, the member 48 is constantly subjected to the thrust force of a return spring 51 provided in the recess 49 and is likely to alternatively enter a pair of diametrally opposite depressions, hollows or like recesses 52 formed into the lateral surface of the shaft to hold same against rotation in two relative maximum angular positions of drawing near and moving away of the flange 8.

FIGS. 9 through ll show a further alternative embodiment of said pulling member which actually is a modification of the preceding alternative embodiment. The pulling member is here a conical push rod 53 axially movable on the supporting bracket 11 and engaging with clearance the orifice 44' of the cog 41 this orifice being of conical shape and complementary of that of the conical push-rod 53 but with a diameter larger than the latter. This push-rod preferably consists of the projecting free end portion of a shaft 45' at least axially slidably mounted within a bearing 46' integral with the vertical leg 14 of the supporting bracket 11. The opposite end 47 of the shaft 45' desirably terminating in a square driving tip is accessible from the outside for the control of its axial displacement. For this purpose the shaft 45' is desirably rotatably mounted within the bearing 46' which forms a stationary guide socket nut. The shaft 45' comprises a threaded portion 54 which extends through a corresponding threaded hole 55 of the bottom of the socket nut 46' to form a rotary thrust screw. For its sliding guidance within the socket nut 46' the shaft 45' desirably comprises a smooth cylindrical portion 56 adjacent to the conical portion 53 and mounted with a sliding and rotating fit within the bore of the socket or bushing 46.

The tapered push-member 53 engages with clearance the tapered orifice 44' and in FIGS. 9 and 11 this push-member is shown in the retracted position at which the cog 39 engages the supporting bracket 11 and the flange 8 is in its left-hand end position in contact with the cylinder head 5. To loosen the flange, it suffices therefore to rotate the shaft 45 in the clockwise direction in FIG. 11 to move the tapered push-member 53 further into the orifice 44' of the cog thereby causing through the co-operation of the complementary tapered engaging surfaces of the pushmember and the orifice a displacement of the cog towards the right in the drawings so that the flange 8 is drawn away from the cylinder head.

FIGS. 12 through 14 show a further embodiment of the device according to the invention wherein the bearing portion of said supporting bracket through which the flange 8 is carried consists of at least a pair of projecting spaced pins or the like 57 substantially at a same level and integral with the vertical leg of the supporting bracket 11' and slidably engaging a pair of corresponding smooth orifices 58, respectively, for fastening the flange 8. The supporting bracket 11' assumes here the shape of a square-like lever or arm pivotally mounted by its horizontal leg onto a substantially horizontal shaft 59 extending in parallel relation to the plane of the flange 8, said shaft extending through the horizontal leg or the lower boss-shaped portion of the lever 11 through a smooth hole provided therein. This shaft 59 is itself supported by a bearing 60 integral with the engine casing hence mounted for example on the water jacket 4. This bearing 60 has desirably the shape of a clevis with two legs forming to some extent a substantially horizontal yoke removably secured by screws or the like 61, the shaft 59 extending through both legs through corresponding smooth holes provided therein. The swinging support 11' is mounted on the shaft 59 between both legs of the bearing 60. The pull-rod through which a pull may be exerted onto the flange 8 consists here of a pair of retaining stops having the shape of clamping dogs or the like 62 secured laterally to the flange 8, respectively, on either side thereof for example by means of screws 63 in substantially symmetrical relation to the vertical central axial plane thereof. These stops exhibit for example the shape of angle plates the substantially vertical free leg of which forms a clamping nose laterally projecting outwards and substantially parallel with the flange 8. The pulling member adapted to co-operate simultaneously with the stops 62 consists of a yoke or the like 64 of a shape substantially complementary of that of the flange, for example of rectangular configuration and peripherally encompassing the flange 8 from the top while resting or being seated freely onto the shaft 59 with the free lower ends of its legs which are for this purpose desirably forked to exhibit each one for example a cornerlike configuration having substantially the shape of a right dihedron 65 (see FIG. 13). This yoke 64 desirably bears against the retaining stops 62 at an intermediate portion 66 thereof preferably projecting towards the clamping noses of said stops. At least one screw or the like 67 is screw-threaded through a nut-like plate 68 integral with the transverse upper portion of the yoke for bearing against the upper portion of the rear face of the flange 8. The operation of this device at least some elements of which such as the yoke 64, the shaft 59 and the support 11' are not necessarily mounted permanently onto the engine is the following: to separate the flange 8 from the cylinder head 5, its fastening screws 9 are previously removed and then the shaft 59 is possibly positioned together with the support 11' by making the pins or gudgeons 57 of the latter enter both lower holes, respectively, provided for the passage of the screw of the flange 8 as well as the yoke 64. By screwing the screw 67 bearing against the upper portion of the flange 8, a torque is thereby exerted on the flange 8 in view of the lower bearing point and of the lever arm provided between the points of application of the yoke against the flange and the retaining stops 62, respectively, which flange 8 thus tends to get loosened from the cylinder head 5.

FIG. 13 shows in particular how is achieved the deaeration of the waterjacket through the fastening clevis 60, this being particularly advantageous especially in the case of inclined engines. The vent duct 21 is here defined directly by the outwards projecting tubular portion 22 of the clevis 60 which fits into the corresponding recesses 23, 24, respectively, of the water jacket 4 and of the cylinder head 5 for connecting the channels 25, 26 thereof. The sealing relationship is provided here by a stack of several resilient rings 69 within the annular recess 32 surrounding the tubular portion 22 at the upper part thereof and by a sealing joint ring 70 set into a corresponding groove at the lower part or opposite end of the tubular portion 22.

As in the preceding examples, the cylinder liner 3 has its relative angular position set by means of the spigot 37 adapted to slide vertically in the corresponding guide groove or slot 38 of the clevis 60.

It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the forms of embodiments described and shown which have been given by way of example only. In particular it comprises all the means forming technical equivalents to the means described as well as their combinations if the latter are carried out according to the gist of the invention the scope of which is defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder head supported by an engine casing, an exhaust manifold connected by a fastening flange extending about an inlet end of the manifold to the cylinder head and a sealing gasket mounted between the manifold and the cylinder head, a mounting device for keeping in proper position and loosening the exhaust manifold during removal of the sealing gasket of the manifold and of the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, the'mounting device comprising: at least one supporting bracket at least approximately in the shape of an angle plate mounted on the engine casing outside of but near the cylinder head and removably supporting the inlet end and in particular the fastening flange of the manifold; and spreading means associated with said supporting bracket to detach and separate the flange from the cylinder head.

-2. A device according to Claim 1, wherein said supporting bracket includes a substantially vertical leg, said bracket located substantially below the flange of the manifold and including at least one bearing portion carrying the flange, said bearing portion being integral with said substantially vertical leg of said supporting bracket and engaging a complementary recess of the flange which is thereby slidably mounted on said bearing portion so as to be relatively movable in a direction substantially parallel to that in which the flange moves into contact with the cylinder head.

3. A device according to claim 2, wherein each bearing portion consists of a substantially flat and horizontal bearing surface forming a shoulder-like rabetting fil- Iister formed in the vertical leg of said supporting bracket and set with a sliding fit within a complementary recess forming a cut-out in the lower edge of said flange.

4. A device according to claim 2, wherein said bearing portion consists of at least two spaced projecting pins located substantially at the same level and integral with the vertical leg of said supporting bracket and slidingly engaging two corresponding smooth orifices, respectively, of said flange.

5. A device according in claim 1, wherein said spreading means comprises of at least one pulling element secured to said flange and co-operating at least through reaction with said supporting bracket.

6. A device according to claim 5, wherein said pulling element co-operates with said supporting bracket through the medium of an associated draw member connected to said supporting bracket.

7. A device according to claim 5, wherein said pulling element is a rod screw-threaded in a corresponding threaded hole of said flange and freely extending through the vertical leg of said supporting bracket through a smooth orifice to sustain the tractive force applied to its free end projecting from the other side of said leg.

8. A device according to claim 7, wherein said pulling element is a rotary screw the head of which bears against the outer surface of said supporting bracket.

9. A device according to claim 7, wherein the free end of said rod is shaped as a cog formed with a smooth orifice engaged with clearance by a draw member mounted on said supporting bracket.

10. A device according to claim 9, wherein said draw member comprises an eccentric crank-pin engaging the orifice of said cog which has the shape of a slot elongated substantially vertically, said crank-pin forming a free outer projecting eccentric portion of a rotary shaft rotatably mounted in a bearing integral with said supporting bracket and the opposite end of which is accessible for operating the rotation thereof.

11. A device according to claim 10, comprising a releasable self-acting locking system forming a springloaded catch for holding said shaft against motion in two diametrally opposite relative angular positions of maximum drawing near and moving away, respectively, of said flange.

12. A device according to claim 9, wherein said draw member is a tapered push-rod axially movable on said supporting bracket and extending with clearance into a complementary tapered orifice of said cog, said pushrod consisting of the projecting free end portion of a shaft axially slidably mounted in a bearing integral with said supporting bracket and the opposite end of which is accessible for operating its axial displacement.

13. A device according to claim 12, wherein said shaft is rotatably mounted in said bearing forming a stationary guide socket nut and extends with a corresponding threadedv portion through the bottom of said socket nutiii 'form a rotary thrust screw.

14. A device according to claim 6, wherein said supporting bracket is pivotally mounted on a substantially horizontal shaft parallel to said flange and mounted in a clevis integral with said engine casing whereas said pulling element consists of a pair of substantially symmetrical retaining stops laterally secured to said flange on each side thereof, respectively, and with which simultaneously co-operates said draw member formed of a. yoke peripherally encompassing said flange and resting freely on said shaft by the forked lower free ends of its legs, at least one screw being threaded through a plate-like nut integral with the upper transverse portion of said yoke for bearing against the upper portion of said flange.

15. A device according to claim 1, wherein said sup-- porting bracket is mounted on the top of the cylinder water jacket and comprises a vent duct forming an air escape pipe extending therethrough and connecting said water jacket to the cylinder head while being formed in a tubular portion of said supporting bracket, which tubular portion projects from both opposite sides to extend in two corresponding recesses of said water jacket and cylinder head, respectively, terminating inner channels thereof.

16. A device according to claim 15, wherein the sealing relationship is achieved towards said water jacket by an annular sealing joint set in a groove of said supporting bracket and said and engaging said water jacket whereas towards said cylinder head said sealing relationship is achieved by a stack of a plurality of resilient rings located in an annular recess of the supporting bracket.

17. A device according to claim 15, wherein the sealing relationship is achieved towards said water jacket by an annular sealing joint set into a groove of said supporting bracket and engaging said waterjacket whereas towards said cylinder head it is achieved by an annular sealing joint pressed against said cylinder head through the medium of a pressure ring by means ofa coil spring mounted in said annular recess.

18. A device according to claim 15, wherein said vent duct is formed of said tubular portion proper.

19. A device according to claim 15, wherein said vent duct is formed of a tubular sleeve extending coaxially with clearance through said tubular portion and fitting with its opposite ends in said water jacket and said cylinder head, respectively, sealing contact means being provided on said ends.

20. A device according to claim 1, wherein the liner of said cylinder projecting from said water jacket comprises at least one radial spigot settling the relative angular position of said liner and engaging a corresponding vertical guide groove of said supporting bracket. 

1. In an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder head supported by an engine casing, an exhaust manifold connected by a fastening flange extending about an inlet end of the manifold to the cylinder head and a sealing gasket mounted between the manifold and the cylinder head, a mounting device for keeping in proper position and loosening the exhaust manifold during removal of the sealing gasket of the manifold and of the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, the mounting device comprising: at least one supporting bracket at least approximately in the shape of an angle plate mounted on the engine casing outside of but near the cylinder head and removably supporting the inlet end and in particular the fastening flange of the manifold; and spreading means associated with said supporting bracket to detach and separate the flange from the cylinder head.
 2. A device according to Claim 1, wherein said supporting bracket includes a substantially vertical leg, said bracket located substantially below the flange of the manifold and including at least one bearing portion carrying the flange, said bearing portion being integral with said substantially vertical leg of said supporting bracket and engaging a complementary recess of the flange which is thereby slidably mounted on said bearing portion so as to be relatively movable in a direction substantially parallel to that in which the flange moves into contact with the cylinder head.
 3. A device according to claim 2, whereIn each bearing portion consists of a substantially flat and horizontal bearing surface forming a shoulder-like rabetting fillister formed in the vertical leg of said supporting bracket and set with a sliding fit within a complementary recess forming a cut-out in the lower edge of said flange.
 4. A device according to claim 2, wherein said bearing portion consists of at least two spaced projecting pins located substantially at the same level and integral with the vertical leg of said supporting bracket and slidingly engaging two corresponding smooth orifices, respectively, of said flange.
 5. A device according in claim 1, wherein said spreading means comprises of at least one pulling element secured to said flange and co-operating at least through reaction with said supporting bracket.
 6. A device according to claim 5, wherein said pulling element co-operates with said supporting bracket through the medium of an associated draw member connected to said supporting bracket.
 7. A device according to claim 5, wherein said pulling element is a rod screw-threaded in a corresponding threaded hole of said flange and freely extending through the vertical leg of said supporting bracket through a smooth orifice to sustain the tractive force applied to its free end projecting from the other side of said leg.
 8. A device according to claim 7, wherein said pulling element is a rotary screw the head of which bears against the outer surface of said supporting bracket.
 9. A device according to claim 7, wherein the free end of said rod is shaped as a cog formed with a smooth orifice engaged with clearance by a draw member mounted on said supporting bracket.
 10. A device according to claim 9, wherein said draw member comprises an eccentric crank-pin engaging the orifice of said cog which has the shape of a slot elongated substantially vertically, said crank-pin forming a free outer projecting eccentric portion of a rotary shaft rotatably mounted in a bearing integral with said supporting bracket and the opposite end of which is accessible for operating the rotation thereof.
 11. A device according to claim 10, comprising a releasable self-acting locking system forming a spring-loaded catch for holding said shaft against motion in two diametrally opposite relative angular positions of maximum drawing near and moving away, respectively, of said flange.
 12. A device according to claim 9, wherein said draw member is a tapered push-rod axially movable on said supporting bracket and extending with clearance into a complementary tapered orifice of said cog, said push-rod consisting of the projecting free end portion of a shaft axially slidably mounted in a bearing integral with said supporting bracket and the opposite end of which is accessible for operating its axial displacement.
 13. A device according to claim 12, wherein said shaft is rotatably mounted in said bearing forming a stationary guide socket nut and extends with a corresponding threaded portion through the bottom of said socket nut to form a rotary thrust screw.
 14. A device according to claim 6, wherein said supporting bracket is pivotally mounted on a substantially horizontal shaft parallel to said flange and mounted in a clevis integral with said engine casing whereas said pulling element consists of a pair of substantially symmetrical retaining stops laterally secured to said flange on each side thereof, respectively, and with which simultaneously co-operates said draw member formed of a yoke peripherally encompassing said flange and resting freely on said shaft by the forked lower free ends of its legs, at least one screw being threaded through a plate-like nut integral with the upper transverse portion of said yoke for bearing against the upper portion of said flange.
 15. A device according to claim 1, wherein said supporting bracket is mounted on the top of the cylinder water jacket and comprises a vent duct forming an air escape pipe extending therethrough and connecting said water jacket to the cylinDer head while being formed in a tubular portion of said supporting bracket, which tubular portion projects from both opposite sides to extend in two corresponding recesses of said water jacket and cylinder head, respectively, terminating inner channels thereof.
 16. A device according to claim 15, wherein the sealing relationship is achieved towards said water jacket by an annular sealing joint set in a groove of said supporting bracket and said and engaging said water jacket whereas towards said cylinder head said sealing relationship is achieved by a stack of a plurality of resilient rings located in an annular recess of the supporting bracket.
 17. A device according to claim 15, wherein the sealing relationship is achieved towards said water jacket by an annular sealing joint set into a groove of said supporting bracket and engaging said water jacket whereas towards said cylinder head it is achieved by an annular sealing joint pressed against said cylinder head through the medium of a pressure ring by means of a coil spring mounted in said annular recess.
 18. A device according to claim 15, wherein said vent duct is formed of said tubular portion proper.
 19. A device according to claim 15, wherein said vent duct is formed of a tubular sleeve extending coaxially with clearance through said tubular portion and fitting with its opposite ends in said water jacket and said cylinder head, respectively, sealing contact means being provided on said ends.
 20. A device according to claim 1, wherein the liner of said cylinder projecting from said water jacket comprises at least one radial spigot settling the relative angular position of said liner and engaging a corresponding vertical guide groove of said supporting bracket. 